Member of the European Parliament for the Free Democratic Party of Germany
Director General of Political Directorate in 2005-2011
Director, Analitical Center of Yury Levada
MP, House of Commons- Secretary of State for Social Security (1992 – 1997)
Chief Economist, Deutsche UFG
Chairman of the MSPS Advisory Council
Head of Russia and Eurasia Programme, Royal Institute of International Affairs
Member of the Public Chamber, ph.d. in law
Commissioner for Human Rights of the Russian Federation
First Ombudsman of Argentina (1994-1999)