Commissioner for Human Rights (1999-2006)
President, Robert Schumann Foundation
Director of the Carnegie Moscow Center (2006 – 2008)
Director of the Institute of Economics RAS
Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs
Director of Political Advice
Professor, visiting professor of economics at the Instituts d'tudes politiques (Sciences Po) in Paris
MP United Kingdom Parliament, 1974-1997
Ambassador of Ireland to Russian Federation